Moteri ihoraho ya rukuruzi ni iki? Itandukaniye he na moteri isanzwe y'amashanyarazi?

—Hari ikibazo kivuka ku bijyanye n'icyo ijambo 'moteri ihoraho ya rukuruzi' risobanura. Ni mu buhe buryo itandukanye na moteri isanzwe?

A moteri ihoraho ya magneti AC(PMM) bisobanurwa nk'ikintumoteri y'amashanyaraziikoresha imiterere ya rukuruzi y’ingufu zihoraho kugira ngo ikore ingufu rukuruzi zikenewe mu mikorere yayo. Bitandukanye na moteri zisanzwe, zikunze kwishingikiriza kuri rukuruzi y’amashanyarazi ikoreshwa n’amashanyarazi yo hanze kugira ngo ikore ingufu rukuruzi, PMM ikoresha ingufu rukuruzi y’ingufu zihoraho. Iri tandukaniro ry’ibanze mu miterere ritanga inyungu nyinshi zikomeye, cyane cyane mu bijyanye no gukoresha neza no kubungabunga ingufu.

Akamaro nyamukuru ka moteri za rukuruzi zihoraho ni imikorere yazo myiza n'ubushobozi bwo kuzigama ingufu. Kuba nta gikenewe cy'inyongera mu gukora ingufu za rukuruzi bigabanya cyane igihombo cy'ingufu mu gihe cy'imikorere, inyungu ikomoka kuri moteri za rukuruzi zihoraho. Uku kongera ubushobozi bituma ingufu zikoreshwa kugabanuka, bityo bigatuma moteri za rukuruzi zihoraho ziba amahitamo meza ku buryo butandukanye bwo kuzikoresha, harimo n'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi n'imashini z'inganda.

Mu buryo bunyuranye, moteri zisanzwe (nk'izimoteri y'amashanyarazi ikoresha induction acs) bishingikiriza ku rujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi runyura muri koyili kugira ngo bikore imbaraga za rukuruzi. Iyi nzira ituma ingufu zitakaza bitewe n'ubushyuhe n'ibindi bintu, ibyo bigatuma imikorere myiza igabanuka. Bityo rero, byafatwa umwanzuro ko moteri isanzwe ishobora gukenera ingufu nyinshi kugira ngo igere ku rwego rumwe n'urwa moteri ihoraho ya rukuruzi.

Byongeye kandi, imiterere mito ya moteri za rukuruzi zihoraho yemerera gukora moteri zoroheje kandi ntoya, ibyo bikaba ingirakamaro cyane mu mikoreshereze aho umwanya n'uburemere ari ibintu by'ingenzi. Byongeye kandi, moteri za rukuruzi zihoraho zisanzwe zigaragaza imikorere myiza, harimo ubucucike bwinshi bwa torque no kwihuta mu gusubiza.

Itandukaniro ry'ibanze hagati ya moteri ikora rukuruzi ihoraho na moteri isanzwe ni uburyo ikora imbaraga rukuruzi. Ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ingufu nke bwa moteri ikora rukuruzi ihoraho butuma iba amahitamo meza ku bikorwa byinshi bigezweho, bitandukanye n'imiterere ya moteri gakondo.