Ibiranga n'ibyiza bya moteri zikoresha frequency ihindagurika

Gugenzura umuvuduko wo guhindura frequency akenshi bivuga sisitemu nk'iyi y'amashanyarazi: moteri ihindura frequency, moteri ihindura frequency, porogaramu ishobora gukoreshwa n'ibindi bikoresho by'ubwenge, ibikoresho bya terminal na porogaramu yo kugenzura, nibindi, bigize sisitemu ifunguye cyangwa ifunganye yo kugenzura umuvuduko wa AC. Ubu bwoko bwa sisitemu yo kugenzura umuvuduko burimo gusimbura gahunda isanzwe yo kugenzura umuvuduko wa mechanical na gahunda yo kugenzura umuvuduko wa DC mu bihe bidasanzwe, ibyo bikaba byongera cyane urwego rw'imikorere ya mechanical automation n'umusaruro, kandi bigatuma ibikoresho birushaho kuba bito kandi bifite ubwenge.

Urebye ikoreshwa ry'ingufu za moteri zose mu nganda, hafi 70% bya moteri zikoreshwa mu gutwara umuyaga n'imashini zitanga amashanyarazi. Inyungu zo kuzigama ingufu no kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere kuri iyo mashini ziragaragara: inyungu nini mu bukungu n'ingaruka zirambye ku mibereho myiza y'abaturage. Hashingiwe ku ntego yavuzwe haruguru, amabwiriza yo guhindura umuvuduko wa moteri ya AC akoreshwa cyane. Urugero, muri conditioner ihindura umwuka, iyo ubushyuhe bwashyizweho na conditioner bugabanutse, ni ngombwa gusa kugenzura umuvuduko wa moteri kugira ngo ugabanye kandi ugabanye imbaraga zitwara umusaruro.

Uretse kuzigama ingufu no kuba byoroshye gukurura no gukoresha, moteri zigenga umuvuduko uhindagurika zifite akarusho ko gutangiza buhoro buhoro, kandi nta mpamvu yo gusuzuma imikorere y’itangiriro. Ikibazo cy’ingenzi kimwe gusa kigomba gukemurwa ni iki: ubushobozi bwa moteri bwo guhuza imbaraga n’imbaraga z’umuraba utari uw’umuraba bugomba kunozwa.

Ihame ry'imikorere y'ihindura ry'amajwi

Igikoresho gihindura frequency dukoresha ahanini gikoresha uburyo bwa AC-DC-AC (guhindura frequency ya VVVF cyangwa guhindura frequency igenzura vector). Ubwa mbere, imbaraga za AC zihinduka ingufu za DC binyuze mu gikoresho gihindura frequency, hanyuma ingufu za DC zigahindurwamo AC ifite imbaraga zigenzurwa na voltage kugira ngo itange moteri. Urugendo rw'igikoresho gihindura frequency muri rusange rugizwe n'ibice bine: gukosora, intermediate DC link, inverter na control. Igice gikosora ni rectifier itarengwa n'ibiraro bitatu, inverter ni inverter y'ibiraro bitatu ya IGBT, kandi umusaruro ni PWM waveform, kandi intermediate DC link ni filtering, DC energy storage na buffering reactive power.

Kugenzura inshuro zigenda zihinduka inzira nyamukuru yo kugenzura umuvuduko, ishobora gukoreshwa cyane mu gutwara abantu mu buryo butagira intambwe mu nganda zitandukanye. Cyane cyane bitewe n'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bihindura inshuro zigenda zikwirakwira mu rwego rwo kugenzura inganda, ikoreshwa rya moteri zihindura inshuro rikomeje gukwirakwira. Bivugwa ko bitewe n'uko moteri zihindura inshuro zigenda zirushaho kuba nziza mu kugenzura guhindura inshuro zigenda ziruta moteri zisanzwe, aho hose hakoreshwa ibikoresho bihindura inshuro, ntabwo bigoye kubona ishusho ya moteri ihindura inshuro.

Ikizamini cya moteri y’impinduka zihinduka muri rusange gikeneye gukoreshwa na frequencing. Kubera ko frequencing y’impinduka zisohoka ifite itandukaniro rinini, kandi umuraba wa PWM usohoka urimo harmonics nyinshi, transformer gakondo na power meter ntibishobora guhaza ibikenewe mu gupima ikizamini. Isesengura ry’ingufu zihinduka inshuro n’iry’impinduka zihinduka inshuro, nibindi.

Intebe y’igerageza rya moteri isanzwe ni ubwoko bushya bw’uburyo bwo gupima bwatangijwe kugira ngo habeho gahunda yo kunoza imikorere myiza y’ingufu za moteri mu rwego rwo guhangana no kuzigama no kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere. Intebe y’igerageza rya moteri isanzwe igena uburyo bunoze kandi ikagira uruhare mu buryo bunoze, ikongera ubwizerwe bw’uburyo, yoroshya uburyo bwo gushyiraho no gukemura ibibazo, kandi igabanya ikiguzi cya sisitemu.

Ibiranga moteri byihariye byo guhindura inshuro

Igishushanyo mbonera cy’ubushyuhe bwo mu cyiciro cya B, gukora insulation yo mu cyiciro cya F. Gukoresha ibikoresho byo gukingira polimeri n’uburyo bwo gukora varnish irimo umuvuduko wa vacuum hamwe no gukoresha imiterere yihariye yo gukingira bituma insulation y’amashanyarazi ihangana n’imbaraga za mekanike irushaho kwiyongera, ibi bikaba bihagije kugira ngo moteri ikore neza kandi irwanye ingaruka z’umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi n’imbaraga za inverter. Kwangirika kw’insulation.

Moteri ihindura frequency ifite ubuziranenge bwo kuringaniza, kandi urwego rwo gutigita ni R-level. Ubuhanga bwo gukora neza kw'ibice bya mekanike buri hejuru, kandi hakoreshwa ibyuma byihariye bipima neza cyane, bishobora gukora ku muvuduko mwinshi.